The dental research is in a stage of rapid development and growth which focussing on pain alleviation and defect restoration in patients applying technological advancements. These include protocol optimisations to benefit the end user, innovation of new biomaterials and further exploration of stem cells for advancing techniques in tissue engineering and regenerative dentistry. This book, a compilation of recent advances in dental science gathered from the vast experiences of researchers in the School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, would hopefully inspire interest in those who wish to venture further in these fields of research.