In this book, the authors look into the critical issue of food security, driven by concerns over Malaysia’s dependency on imported meat products. With an increasing trend towards Western dietary habits in Malaysian society, there arises a pressing need to assess the nation’s self-sufficiency in protein production. Despite Malaysia’s strict adherence to halal procedures throughout the production, consumption, and processing of meat, domestic production levels remain below 30% of the desired self-sufficiency target. This prompts the authors to explore the underlying reasons behind Malaysia’s reliance on meat imports, probing into factors such as agricultural practices, policy frameworks, and market dynamics. Through a comprehensive analysis, the book aims to shed light on the challenges and opportunities facing Malaysia’s ruminant sector, offering insights into strategies for enhancing domestic production and ensuring food security for future generations.